Introduction: Arteriosclerosis, a Genetic term for Thickening and Hardening of the Arterial Wall is now responsible for the Majority of Deaths. Arthrosclerosis” was First Introduced by Marchand In 1904. Atherosclerosis may be Accelerated by a Decreased Clearance of Cholesterol from Arterial Wall Secondary to a Reduction of Plasma Concentration of H.D.L. In Atherosclerotic Lesion, the Lipid Content of Elastin increases Progressively with increasing Severity ofAtherosclerosis. The Increases in the Lipid Content of Plaque Elastin are Mainly due to large increases in Cholesterol. Aim: Correlation of Serum Cholesterol and S.C.B.R. in Control study of Essential Hypertension. Inclusion Criteria:25 patients of essential hypertension. Exclusion Criteria: Nonsmokers and Secondary Hypertension. Methodology: Obtain Serum specimen in usual way, alternatively EDTA plasma may also be used as specimen. The sample should preferable be 12- 14 hours fasting and using the principle of Serum Cholesterol and SCBR, readings has come out, the readings are further calculated. Result: Mean S.C.B.R. was 59.719+6.99 mg% and mean serum cholesterol was 186.8+32.009 mg% in 25 controls. Correlation coefcient between serum cholesterol and S.C.B.R. was +0.706 (p <0.001), denoting that S.C.B.R. rises with increasing level of cholesterol in control. Conclusion: The study shows signicance coo-relation between Serum cholesterol and S.B.C.R

Pregnancy-related hypothyroidism is harmful to both the mother and the foetus. Future intellectual development of children born to women who received inadequate care or no care at all is greatly impacted. Women with a low thyroid reserve or an iodine shortage may develop hypothyroidism during pregnancy because this is a demanding time for the thyroid gland. During a typical pregnancy, the levels of thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), total thyroid hormone, and thyroxine-binding globulin all vary. Different aspects of pregnancy outcome are impacted by thyroid disease. Autoimmune thyroid illness increases the risk of miscarriage. Children born to severely hypothyroid mothers may have permanent neurological deficits. GD (Graves' disease) Pregnancy can be viewed as a state in which a combination of events concurs lead to pregnancy loss as well as fetal thyroid dysfunction. All women who already have thyroid dysfunction are advised to undergo thyroid function tests as soon as the pregnancy is confirmed in addition to following a healthy diet. During pregnancy, the medication needs to be carefully monitored. To find pregnant women who are at risk, one should utilise the trimester-specific reference intervals for thyroid hormones that were developed for the pregnant Indian population after serially observing the pregnant women. Regarding the iodine nutritional status of pregnant women in India, very little information is known. As a result, the current inquiry will be conducted to determine the prevalence and risk factors that are linked to an increased risk of producing hypothyroidism in expectant moms.

Serum procalcitonin levels, coronary artery disease : Introduction Procalcitonin (PCT), a calcitonin precursor is awell established novel systemic inflammatory biomarker. Inflammation in body plays important key role in pathogenesis of coronary artery disease (CAD). In previous studies, the results shows that the increase in PCT level have strong association with the severity of atherosclerosis, which leads to increase the risk of coronary artery disease (CAD) in the patients. Various studies have been done to investigate the role of PCT in the pathogenesis and risk of CAD,yet their results have been inconsistent. So, in the current study we evaluate the correlation between the serum procalcitonin levels and risk of CAD. Aims and Objectives: The aim of the study was to find the association between the serum procalcitonin levels and risk of coronary artery disease. Materials and Methods: 100 patients selected for the study, after taken the written consent form the patients were equally divided into two group’s case and control group. In case group 50 patients with angiographically proven CAD as case group and 50 apparently healthy age and sex matched adults as control group. Serum procalcitonin levels were measured in both the groups using ELISA based kits. Results: Levels of Serum procalcitonin were 252.52 ± 17.43 ng/ml in case group as compared to 40.84 ± 15.6 ng/ml in control group and their difference was statistically significant (p < 0.0001). Conclusion: The results of our study shows that there was strong relation between serum procalcitonin levels and coronary artery disease risk.

Background Neutropenia is a clinical condition in a body occurs when a low number of neutrophils in the blood. Febrile neutropenia is a clinical condition in which development of a high fever with signs of infection in the body. It is a most common postoperative complication of anticancer treatment. The aim of the study was to evaluate the current practices used in the institution and for culture sensitivity in isolated microorganisms. Material and methods: 50 hospitalized patients are selected for the study. All the patients are provided informed consent before starting of the study. Results: 50 patients selected from the study 36 were males and 14 were females. 42 Patients were found the gram negative infections. The most common bacteria found in the culture media was Escherichia coli. 8 (15%) Patients were found the gram positive microorganisms stain and most common bacteria found in the culture media was Staphylococcus aureus. Conclusion: In our study we concluded that there decrease in the level of infection in the body due to gram positive microorganisms. For doctor the main concern was the gram negative microorganisms and further surveillance needed. In our study the results shows that the sensitivity for antibiotic therapy in antibiogram.

Introduction: The goal of this work was to determine the place of the deficiency-related etiology in Pancytopenia, facilitation of the diagnosis and the definition of the epidemiological, clinical and para-clinical characteristics of deficiency-related Pancytopenia. Methodology: It is a retrospective study of 112 Pancytopenia cases of which 34 were Deficiency-related Pancytopenia taken from a data taken from a period of 5 years (2006-2010) from the Hematology Laboratory of the Mohammed V Teaching Military Hospital Rabat. Results: 112 Pancytopenia cases were found. The result from a comparison between 2 groups of patients of medium age with or without etiological deficiency-related Pancytopenia by the “Student Test” was t = 0.001070744<0.025 and the comparison of the parameters of the Hemogram by the ANOVA Test gave the following values: F= 0.41, p= 0.565 greater than alpha= 0.05 for a limit of 5%. For the 34 cases of deficiency-related Pancytopenia studied, 11 were women and the rest men. The medium age was 48.47 years. The medium level of Hb was 6.11 g/dl. Leukocyte and platelet Numeration Media were respectively 2.55 g/l and 58.78 g/l Discussion: The etiology deficiency-related is the principal cause of Pancytopenia in the department of Hematology of the Mohammed V Teaching Military Hospital Rabat. This diagnosis demands the use of myelogram and or the determination of the quantity of vitamins or the use of therapeutic tests. The epidemiological, clinical and para-clinical characteristics are similar to those found in literature. Conclusion: We observed the need for early diagnosis of vitamin deficiency (Vit B12 and Vit B9) coupled with the systemization of preventive measures for all persons at high risk. It is however primordial for regular follow-ups of the progression over a long period of time of patients under treatment at the aim of correcting the deficiency-related Pancytopenia

Warfarin one of the most commonly used anticoagulants in the world is affected by the vitamin K levels in the body, which in turn depends upon many factors like drugs and diet. Here we present a case of a drug interaction between 2 commonly drugs especially in the elderly population. In this case Lactulose interacts with absorption of vitamin K from the gut and thereby potentiating the effect of warfarin toxicity. Hence it is important for every physician to be aware of this drug interaction and warn their patients regarding the same.

determining the level of women’s satisfaction with postnatal care, determining the influence of socio-demographic characteristics on satisfaction with postnatal care. Descriptive cross-sectional research design was used. The study population was postpartum women aged 15-49 years who had delivered in Embu hospital. The study employed systematic random sampling method to come up with a sample size of 205 respondents. A structured client exit questionnaire, focused group discussions and key informant interviews were used to collect data. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 20 and presented in percentages, frequencies and cross tabulations. The study findings revealed that majority of the women 54.6% were satisfied with postnatal care services provided. Findings from this study also showed that socio-demographic variables like age, marital status, education level, occupation and monthly income did not have a significant relationship with women’s satisfaction with postnatal care. The study concluded that there is still a percentage of women 45.4% who were still dissatisfied with the postnatal care services provided. The study recommended that the county government together with the hospital administration should help in installation of Hospital Consumer Assessment of Health Care Providers and Systems (HCAHPS) to help seek feedback from customers hence improve the satisfaction level of clients. The study also recommended that the same study should be done in other hospitals within the Sub Counties and in the rest of 47 Counties to enable generalization of results.

living expenses: 20.15%

Tuberculosis and intestinal parasitosis with their coinfection are among public health problems in developping countries. This preliminary study aims to determine the prevalence of coinfection, investigates relationship between infestation of parasites and age, gender, residence, occupation or BMI of patients and to identify the parasites species. A prospective study was then conducted at the Pneumology and Phthisiology hospital unit in collaboration with the UHC PZaGa laboratory from December 2015 to October 2016. Patients with tuberculosis to whom was performed parasitological examination of stool were included in the study. In whole, 60 TB patients were investigated. The prevalence of the coinfection was 15%. All the infested patients were male (p < 0.05). The age of TB patients varied from 17 to 68 (p>0.05). A large majority of them were from rural area (67%). This result was statistically significant (p<0.05). Patients from rural area were mostly hit by the infection (p<0.05). The parasitic infestation was not associated to the body mass index of TB patients (p>0.05). Four species of parasites were identified, namely Ancylostoma duodenale, Strongyloides stercoralis, Giardia intestinalis and Entamoeba coli, respectively with 45%, 22%, 22% and 11%. Few TB patients were screened with parasitological examination of stool. This study showed how significant the analysis was before improving therapy and care.

Toxoplasmosis, pregnant women, IgG, IgM. : Toxoplasmosis is a public health concern mostly among pregnant women in developping countries. The study aims to determine the seroprevalence of the infection on pregnant women, to identify whether it is a recent or an old infection and to assess risk factors. A prospective and detailed survey was then conducted from July to October 2016 at the the integrated health centre of Mahabibo and the basic health centre of Tanambao Sotema in Mahajanga which is a west north city of Madagascar. The blood specimens were collected and then sent to the University Hospital Center Zafisaona Gabriel laboratory. In whole, 49 subjects were investigated with a mean age of 25 years old. The seroprevalence of the old infection (IgG+ and IgM-) was of 61% (n=30), non-immunized pregnant women (IgG- and IgM-) represented a rate of 39% (n=19). None of them was diagnosed with an acute infection (IgG+ and IgM+). No significant relation was associated between the infestation of Toxoplasma gondii and household cats, neither with housekeeping occupation nor with education level, whether being aware or not of the infection (p>0.05). Toxoplasmosis is poorly known at Malagasy people. The seroprevalence in non-immunized pregnant women and those at risk is revealed to be high.